National Legal Regulation of Science, Scientific and Technical Cooperation in China and Russia: The Comparative Aspect
Anton Vasiliev, Dariusz Szpoper, Yuliya Pechatnova
The authors consider the transformation of the role of scientific knowledge in society, the formation of a single scientific and educational space that led to an increase in the importance of science in the development of the states. Today, China is one of the most promising countries in the world, while the leading positions in key economic indicators are largely determined by the impressive scientific and technical potential of the People’s Republic of China. The article carries out a comparative study of the legal regulation of scientific activity, strategic documents in the field of science and education, approaches of state regulation of innovative activity of Russia and China. The choice of Russia and China as objects of study is due to the fact that, firstly, in both states, the continuity of the socialist experience in managing science and education is traced; secondly, the scientific and technical cooperation between Russia and China has long historical roots. In the course of the study, the authors analyzed the statistical data, including the percentage ratio of investment investments, the size of state budget expenditures to support the development of science and innovative technologies, rating indicators, etc.); identified the problems of financing the scientific industry and the implementation of the results of intellectual activity and they also highlighted the prospects for international cooperation of these states. The authors come to the conclusion that modern science faces global challenges aimed at ensuring national priorities through competent state regulation of international scientific and technical cooperation. Thus, the recognition of the importance of commercializing the results of intellectual activity and, as a consequence, the interest of state authorities in the international integration of science and business, encouraging the inclusion of scientific organizations in the production process, and attracting foreign investment in scientific activity seems significant. Thus, for the vitality of modern science, it is necessary to use the best practices of foreign countries in the management of scientific activities in order to obtain the necessary industrial and commercial effect from the use of innovative scientific technologies.